Three-Phase Hybrid Inverters
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What is a three-phase hybrid inverter?
A three-phase hybrid manages DC→AC conversion (400 V), the MPPT of the panels, and battery storage, maintaining phase balance and offering EPS/UPS output for backup during grid outages. It is the comprehensive solution for residences with 3 phases, businesses, and SMEs seeking savings, continuity, and control.
Key advantages
- Advanced self-consumption: prioritizes solar and battery, limits feed-in, and schedules loads.
- Three-phase backup: maintains essential circuits during interruptions (depending on model).
- Scalability: more PV strings and expansion of usable kWh in LV 48 V or HV.
- Monitoring: portal/app with energy flows per phase and battery status (SOC).
Battery compatibility
- LV 48 V: 48 V lithium (or lead-acid) banks in models prepared for low voltage.
- HV: high voltage batteries chains with BMS communication (CAN/RS485) according to the manufacturer's list.
How to choose your three-phase hybrid
- Continuous power (kW) and start-up peaks.
- Number of MPPT and ranges (Voc/Vmp and current) suitable for various orientations/roofs.
- Battery system: LV 48 V or HV, charge/discharge power (kW), and usable kWh.
- Functions: EPS/UPS, zero feed-in, time/tariff control, integration with meter/CT.
- Communications: RS485/CAN with BMS, LAN/Wi-Fi, APIs, and portal for O&M.
- Installation: IP rating, ventilation, space for DC/AC protections (SPD, fuses, disconnectors), and grounding.
General specifications
| AC output | Three-phase 400 V (3F + N) |
| MPPT | 2–10+ trackers (depending on power) |
| Batteries | 48 V (LV) or High Voltage (HV), depending on model |
| Functions | EPS/UPS, zero feed-in, scheduling, meter/CT |
| Applications | 3-phase residences, SMEs, warehouses with self-consumption and backup |
Best practices
- Calculate Voc at minimum temperature and currents per MPPT before closing strings.
- Use batteries approved by the inverter manufacturer (compatibility lists).
- Balance loads between phases and configure feed-in limiter with meter/CT.
- Install SPD and disconnection in DC and AC; check selectivity of protections.
If your installation is three-phase and you seek self-consumption with storage and backup, three-phase hybrid inverters offer the most complete and scalable architecture. For single-phase grids, see single-phase hybrids; if you do not need batteries, consider three-phase grid-tied inverters.
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